How does radiation damage DNA Essay Example for Free

How does radiation damage DNA EssayMobile phones harm body cells and damage DNARadio waves from nomadic phones harm body cells and damage DNA in laboratory conditions, The research project, which took four years and which was coordinated by the German research group Verum, canvas the effect of radiation on human and animal cells in a laboratory. After being exposed to electromagnetic fields that are typical for mobile phones, the cells showed a significant increase in single and double-strand DNA breaks. The damage could not always be repaired by the cell. DNA carries the genetic material of an existence and its different cells. This means the change had procreated. Mutated cells are seen as a possible ca habituate of cancer. The radiation used in the study was at levels between a Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of between 0.3 and 2 watts per kilogram. Most phones emit radio signals at SAR levels of between 0.5 and 1 W/kg. SAR is a measure of the ordinate of radio energy abs orption in body tissue, and the SAR limit recommended by the International Commission of Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection is 2 W/kg. The study too measured other harmful effects on cells.Because of the lab set-up, the researchers said the study did not prove any health risks. But they added that the genotoxic and phenotypic effects clearly require further studies on animals and human volunteers. Adlkofer advised against the use of a mobile phone when an alternative fixed line phone was available, and recommended the use of a headset connected to a cellphone whenever possible. Previous independent studies into the health effects of mobile phone radiation give up found it may have some effect on the human body, such as heating up body tissue and causing headaches and nausea, but no study that could be independently repeated has proved that radiation had permanent harmful effects. In a separate announcement in Hong Kong, where consumers tend to spend more cartridge holder talking on a mobile phone than in Europe, a German company called G-Hanz introduced a new type of mobile phone which it claimed had no harmful radiation, as a result of shorter bursts of the radio signal.How does radiation damage DNA?Radiation can damage anyones DNA. Radiation is really just high-voltage particles or energy. When something like that smashes into your DNA , it isdefinitely going to do some damage. Luckily, our cells are very good at repairing the damage so it takes a mussiness of radiation to do permanent harm. Damaged DNA matters because your DNA has the instructions for making and running you. If these instructions get damaged, it can sometimes affect how considerably you run. Like any good instructions, the ones in DNA are written up with letters. The high energy of radiation can mess up the instructions by changing a letter. It can also tear the DNA removing one, some, or even millions of these letters. This would be like ripping out anything from part of a page to a whole chapter of your personal instruction manual.

Discuss the role of Lady Macbeth in the play Essay Example for Free

Discuss the role of bird Macbeth in the play Essay wench Macbeth takes a leading role in the play. From the very starting sighting, that we have her, her strong positionful character over powers us. I give be focusing on the role of wench Macbeth, whom is married to the main character Macbeth. doll Macbeth plays and important role in the play, as she influences events that take place to a large extent. As the play develops, we see wench Macbeth displaying whiley aspects and qualities of her soulality. lady Macbeth by nature I believe is a manipulative woman she has a goal in her sights and seems to use everything in her power to reach it. Her involvement in the murder of King Dun net is dominating she formulates and directs the whole plan. chick Macbeth is the person who gives the impetus to Macbeth to do what she believes he must do.The first time we come into contact with her is in function 1 Scene 5 of the play. We see her performing a soliloquy. Here she makes an immediate impact, performing on her own centre stage, reading a allowter from Macbeth.The letter informs her of Macbeths and Banqos meeting with the witches. It tells her of the witches prophecies to him the prophecy that unrivaled day she and her economize would go bad King and queen of Scotland.This idea seems to kindle a fire in madam Macbeth. Immediately she seems to be forming a scheme, portionting plans together to fulfil the witchs forecast of Macbeths life. This shows how determined and ambitious maam Macbeth is.Glamis thou cheat, and Cawdor and shalt be what though art promise.She promises that what the witchs predicted will be fulfilled.She indicates that she has immediately formulated the idea of a murder. This straight away creates a first impression on the audience evil personifiedI vexation thy nature, is too full of the milk of human kindness to envision the nearest way. bird Macbeth k appearrights he knows he is a man of honour and that she believes that he deserves the status of a king. lady Macbeth realises it will be a hard decision or Macbeth, perhaps shocking idea that carry offing Duncan would be to catch the nearest way, to decent a royalty himself. She knows it is an extremely tempting offer and he will suffer greatly over his final examination decision. She feels that he has a soft personality, and does not have it in him to fight for this position. He is too decent a man to take advantage of this opportunity.Lady Macbeth thinks he has the inhalation further wants the courage. She feels he is a kind, generous, noble man and cant go ahead with what she has in mind for him. Lady Macbeth feels as though only she can persuade Macbeth toInitially Lady Macbeth seems to have the stronger ambition of the two. She appears to be an individual who is totally devoid of moral conscience she has the appearance of an unstoppable woman. She has strong beliefs that will power/courage are the only two things that should dominate Macb eths mind,Screw your courage to the sticking place Someone who encapsulates evil. The audience comes to realise that Macbeth, who is very tempted by the notion of kingship, has no chance against this self-created giant star. He is affect damned. The witches prophecy is something that Lady Macbeth is obsessed by and is determined to will into fruition.Her second soliloquy now shows the igniting of this loathly plan. She realises that Duncan is actually coming to visit her at the castle. Her first few lines are deal wellly spoken in total amazement.He brings great newsShe would probably exclaim this sort of joyfully. This works on two levels though. It is a great honour to have the king himself staying the night. It is also her big chance, in her mind, not to be missedLady Macbeth makes a decision that he will not be leaving alive. She is fully confident that she is making the right decisions and that the chance that she has await has arrived. Lady Macbeth decides to take th e opportunity and make sure that Duncan is killed. This shows that Lady Macbeth has no pity what so ever. She isnt going to let anyone come in her way. Lady Macbeth has pull in ideas, and has planned exactly what has to be through.The raven himself is coarse, That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan.Since her first soliloquy, the audience has established that she has more ambition, and craves more domination than a woman (particularly at that time) is eyeshot rightly to have. The notions that she has conjured up do not seem to be likely of a particularly maidenly personality. She shows very little compassion or worry.Now, she (by the power of magic) wants to get rid of any womanly nature at all,Come you spirits that t shoemakers last on mortal thoughts, unsex me here. She would deliver these lines as if calling to a divine power. She calls to the spirits that tend on mortal thoughts these are the spirits that tend on any murderous thought or ambition. Lady Macbeth wants the symp athetic nature of a woman to be taken away from her so that any sentiments that stop her from doing this deed are got rid of. She asks them to, check mark thaccess and passage to remorse.She wants to be separate as possible from the milk of human kindness. She wants her breasts to be instead full of bitter poison. She probably desires to get rid of to the highest degree human qualities, and, instead be on a par with these magic murdering ministers The spirits of evil and murder.Lady Macbeth becomes very impatient and wants time to pass readily so that she can proceed with her plans.You wait on natures mischief Comes thick night.She wants the night to fall quickly so that it can hide the murder she is readiness in the shadow of its darkness.That my keen knife sees not the wound it makes.After she says this, it is clear to the audience that he is serious somewhat killing Duncan and will go ahead with the deed.Lady Macbeth at this point has herself very excited. When her husband f inally enters, we see him and her together for the first time.In her excitement Lady Macbeth addresses him as keen Glamis, Worthy Cawdor and then,All hail thereafter The king This excitement would cause her, I believe, to depart the way she speaks This excitement and more importantly the will power she derives from it seems to overtake her husband. This again reinforces the audiences suspicion that Lady Macbeth is pushing herself further than is appropriate.When she learns that Duncan will be coming the next day, she tells Macbeth that Duncan will not be seen on the shell of the earth after tomorrow.O, neverShall sun that morrow see.She clearly states to Macbeth her feelings and what she believes needs to be done, in a straightforward manner.Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth that he needs to change his personality, and that he needs to put on an act.To beguile the time,Look like the time bear welcome in your eye,Look like the innocent flower, solely be the serpent on a lower floor(a)t .Lady Macbeth wants her husband to act innocent but have an evil soul. All of this shows how she enjoys dominating situations and people. Lady Macbeth likes to be in control of everything that happens. She is toilsome to persuade Macbeth to do the deed. Then also enjoy the end, which is becoming Queen herself.The nights great railway line into my dispatch.Leave all the rest to me.Lady Macbeth believes that she can illuminate everything out herself, as she knows what needs to be done, and how she is going to do it. She likes taking control of things. This shows she is single minded.In Act 1 scene 6, Duncan finally arrives. Lady Macbeth now proves how deceptive and two faced she really can be. Duncan arrives with nothing but compliments for the castle and its hosts, This castle hath a pleasant seat,See our honoured hostess.Lady Macbeth shows herself as the perfect hostess,All service in every point twice done, and then done double.Then she leads him triumphantly, most(prenominal) as a trophy, into the castle and to his dreadful fate.In act 1 scene 7 Lady Macbeth has her work cut out for her. She constantly has to reinforce her husbands resolve, pushing him on. Macbeths resolve fails him, in his soliloquy, he is in agony with his doubts, and he decides against following through with the plot. We see her talking to Macbeth about killing Duncan. He thinks of all the reasons why he cannot kill his king. He sees him as an honourable king, an honourable man. He isHis Kinsman,And Macbeth was his subject. Macbeth had been honoured by Duncan, creation made Thane of Thife. He also worries what will happen,Tears shall drown the wind.He reaches his final decision the murder will not go ahead. Macbeth seems to wake up, he doesnt ask his wives permission, and he seems to have regained control from her dominating influence.Lady Macbeth enters asking why Macbeth, as expected of a host, was present at the table, Macbeth askshath he asked for me?Lady Macbeth replies,Know y ou not he has?I believe she would ask this question quite firmly she wants Duncan to be oblivious to any negative feelings Macbeth may have.Macbeth goes straight to the point and out lines his reasons,We will proceed no further in this businessHe hath honoured me of lateWhich would be worn in its newest gloss, not cast aside so soon.Lady Macbeth is somewhat taken aback staggered by her husbands decision. Here she thought she had the cat in the bag, her husband was prepared to take this amazing opportunity to grasp kingship. Her willpower had spurred him onto it. Now she saw she wasnt as powerful and influential as she headmasterly thought she was She turns on Macbeth. In a moment she realises her willpower had not had its desired affect. Lady Macbeth changes, her tactics switch from unsexed to using her feminine powers. As a woman, she will now humiliate and manipulates Macbeth as a man.Lady Macbeth knows that it will sting Macbeth if she taunts him. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth had been mentioned to be,A worthy groom for the goddess of war herselfHe has been honoured for his great roles in battle by the king himself. Naturally, it will provoke Macbeth if his honour or masculinity is challenged.She taunts himWas the hope drunk wherein you svelte yourself? Hath it slept since? Lady Macbeth I believe would utter this in mock disbelief. She would be sounding as if to be appalled at the lack of confidence in Macbeth conviction. It makes a fool of him, she asks,Were the hope drunk Wherein you dressed yourself?She is saying, was your hope drunk? And now, wakes with a hangover regretting what it had said? She uses the words, pale and green to pictorially describe work and shades that are normally associated with weak, and sickliness. She then continues, using her feminine power, to question his love for her, saying,Such I account thy love.Meaning his love to her is as one of his drunken promises.These are not words that Macbeth is accustomed to having directed at him. He is not used to having his courage mocked. He perfectly knows he is not a coward. He is one of the bravest men around. Lady Macbeth expects him to retort this way. He continues though, he puts his finger right on it, Who dares do more is none. Macbeth means whoever dares to do anything more daring, dangerous or maybe wicked, isnt human they are supernatural, probably monstrous.Macbeth is defending himself, he is suggesting that anything more brave wouldnt make him a man, it would make him monster and that is the truth. Macbeth knows its the truth, Lady Macbeth knows it is the truth, and importantly the audience realise this is the truth. He is prepared to do all men can do, but he draws the line at becoming a monster.Lady Macbeth would perhaps falter at this. Yet again though, she picks up the offensive, though in a slightly weaker position perhaps. She takes a risk of infection by replyingWhat beast wast then, that made you break this wicked effort to me?Lady Macbeth shifts the blame back onto Macbeth, claiming he was the one to hatch the plan, the crucial words being you break thisto me. The audience will pick up on this, realising that it was never Macbeth who ever originated the idea, it was in fact Lady Macbeth. Macbeth fails to see this though and she carries on.She reasons that when he (Macbeth) had proposed this enterprise to her, then he were a man. Lady Macbeth tries to change Macbeths perception of what is manly. She tries to change what Macbeth perceives as man, being brave and daring to doall that may become a man,to a man being almost a killing machine. She does this by sayingWhen you durst do it, then you were a man.Lady Macbeth thinks that a man is someone who would do anything to make himself bigger, stronger or more powerful.Lady Macbeth then uses a slightly different tack she uses shock tactics to demonstrate how she feels about following through with the murder. Lady Macbeth brings to mind the most grotesque image that she can think up. She says she would take a child, hers, andwhile it was smiling in my faceand hie the brains out, had I so sworn as you Have done this.By this, Lady Macbeth reveals a side to her to her audience. She is evil and she will stop at nothing.What she meant by killing her child like this was to show her strength of conviction and willingness to carry out her wordhad I so sworn to you Macbeth.It appears to work, and Macbeth falters saying (indicating a change of heart)If we should fail?Lady Macbeth has now re-engaged him, and Macbeth is curious again. Again Lady Macbeth shows her strength of conviction and will,Screw your courage to the sticking place and well not fail,Lady Macbeth I think hits these words with a real sense of belief, urging Macbeth to think about it. Failing? Lady Macbeth declares that this is impossible. She proceeds to outline her plan, believing she now has Macbeth back onboard. She will make Duncans guards drunk and she and Macbeth will commit the murder, leaving the guards to take the fall for it. The plan is ruthlessly simple and cowardly. The audience cannot help but realise this Lady Macbeth has thought this through non-stop and has made her plan as efficient and as fool proof as possible. Lady Macbeth makes it so safe, and has reconfirmed Macbeths original intentions but still Macbeth will know in the back of his mind, this is all wrong.Lady Macbeth has powerfully changed Macbeth, using his moral weaknesses exposed by his ambition, to change his mind. Macbeth has let his wifes iron will destroy his conscience and his somewhat sophisticated moral sense. Again though, the audiences are left with sub-conscience doubts about Lady Macbeths appearance of unshakeable strength.In Act 2-scene 2 there is more talking between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, about killing king Duncan. Here she displays he having controlled and authority over Macbeths mind and actions, but also how support she can be towards him.One of the things that pa rticularly stood out was her inability to commit the murder herself. For all the boasting and the character she built up of herself, Lady Macbeth cannot do any of which she said she was so sure of. Lady Macbeth was supposed to commit the murder herself, but she goes in and comes straight back out again, being startled by a birds cry as she stands there. Macbeth comes up the stairwell and sees Lady Macbeth there she seems to make some excuses for her being there saying,I am afraid they have awaked, then she admits, And tis done. Th attempt and not the deed.Lady Macbeth has faltered, and she cannot bring herself to the deed she swore she would do even if she had to dash her own childs brains out. She came into the chamber and almost I would imagine shouts the line, Hark I laid the daggers ready.Lady Macbeth is angry I think with herself, as if she is ashamed. She makes the excuse that she entered, saw Duncan and saw he was like her father in his sleep and could not kill him baring in mind she was prepared to kill her own child.Macbeth nevertheless has killed Duncan. Macbeth is almost immediately feeling the consequences he recounts it as if he suffered immediate criminality whilst he was doing the murder. Macbeth has started to crack he is breaking nap, saying that he heard voices saying he would no longer be able to sleep.What Lady Macbeth now faces is what ultimately destroys her. She has now to bear up to Macbeths faltering conscience amidst her own despair. Lady Macbeth tries to silence Macbeth, move to drive the thoughts of guilt out of her mind trying to remain strong sayingA foolish thought to say a sorry sight.A few lines on Lady Macbeth prophetically says,These deeds must not be thought. After these ways so, it will make us mad.It is here that Lady Macbeths character has its biggest and final test.Lady Macbeth now reverts into a controlling wife, as she tries to distract her mind from what has happened by snapping into gear and sorting out what has happened. She is practical and tells her husband to go and wash himself of blood, and then she summons whatever courage she may have left to go and put the daggers with the guards to ensure that they have the blame. Again Lady Macbeth is practical, there is a knock at the door of the castle and she restrains her husband from answering it. Lady Macbeths mind is in full gear with this murder. She sees that it would be oddish if they were to answer the door at this hour of the night saying,Get on youre night-gownAnd show us to be watchers.Lady Macbeth is in full control of her faculties at this point, whereas her husband is starting to really break down, already wishing hed not done itWake Duncan with thy knocking. I would thou couldst.Lady Macbeth is not the strong person she appears to be though.Following on in Act 2 scene 3, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth perform an amazing drama to dupe them, and prove their innocence. Macduff arrives at the door and goes to see the king in his chambe r, and returns with the news of his death. The blame obviously falls upon the guards and Macbeth convincingly puts up a show that he loved Duncan so more than that he kill the guards on the spot, Thus, removing any ability for them to defend themselves. Now, this does temporarily shift suspicion towards Macbeth, but he gives such an intricate and heartfelt speech, that combine with Lady Macbeth swooning and starting to faint,Help me hence, hoShe draws the attention away from Macbeth, it is enough to convince the others of their innocence at least for the moment.The murder also frightens Duncans sons they fear that they might be next this is probably true, since in order for Macbeth to have a good chance to become King, both of them must be killed. Therefore, they flee, and this puts them under suspicion. It could be reasoned that they might have killed their father in order to quicken their ascension to the throne. Again, all of which are complete lies. Such harmonious co-operatio n when under pressure shows that Lady and Lord Macbeth do indeed work well together, and have an excellent relationship.In Act 3-scene 2 Macbeth is crowned King, one of the first things Macbeth does, is have Banquo assassinated. It is important to note that he does this independently of his wife his coronation seems to have given him new courage. We see Lady Macbeth being impatient. Lady Macbeth is again relation Macbeth to put his past behind him,Whats done is done,Putting more strain on their relationship. Macbeth obviously however has taken over, he hints to Lady Macbeth that he has a plan in action and she should be,Innocent of the knowledge, dearest chuck.Lady Macbeth knows something is going on, however see isnt fully aware of it. She thinks this after a talk with Macbeth as he means to be unsettled and sneaky.Lady Macbeth tried to lighten things with Macbeth by telling him not regret anything.Things without all remedy She is telling him not to think about something that can t be corrected.Lady Macbeth is the opposite however she is at heart a weaker woman than Macbeth is the stronger man. She does start to feel guilt and consequences for her actions she cannot keep the ruthless monster image up.Lady Macbeth wants to know what Macbeth is planning behind her back, however he refuses to tell her that he is plotting to kill Banquo.Whats to be doneLady Macbeth shows that she is curious and dislikes being left out with Macbeths plans. Macbeth even teasingly knows this, saying in affect that she would prefer not to know the details of his plan.Lady Macbeth herself however, is doubtful in her new found power she is troubled by their present state. However, she does tell Macbeth this, who is already worried, almost to the point of suicide by his speech. Instead, she comfort him again, advising him not to brood on the past. However, he is still deeply concerned. He tells his wife of his plan to kill Banquo, and for a change, she asks him what to do. He tells to do as she has told him to put on a false face, and pretend nothing has happened. Macbeth does however, suggest his discontent about his deceitfulness, but recognises its necessity. This switching of roles due to Macbeths increased confidence and Lady Macbeths lack of is perhaps quite important. It shows that their relationship is changing.The Lady Macbeth of Act-1 has lost its initiative in evil.Act 3 Scene 4Lady Macbeth becomes increasingly worn down by her husbands own mental deterioration. Macbeth makes quite a scene at his feast, holding a party to celebrate his title of king. It starts with him not sitting at the table and instead having a furious conversation with one of the murderers of Banquo. Lady Macbeth hurries in saying thatYou do not give a cheer. The feast is sold,Macbeth is playing strangely to his guests, but this is not the strangest thing to happen yet by far. Macbeth becomes hallucinated and colour drains from his face and he begins to shout because of seeing a ghost, only in sight to himself a ghost of Banquo.Lady Macbeth immediately covers for him,Sit worthy friendsLady Macbeth realises that Macbeth is about to give the whole game away and has to desperately rescue herself and her husband. She tells the guest that Macbeth is having a fit, but he will soon recover. She calms Macbeth down, by calling him out the room to ensure he doesnt say anything he shouldnt.You have dischargeLady Macbeth is totally confused to why he is acting like this she then goes on by asking the guests, with a complete lack of ceremony, to deviate immediately.Stand upon the order.Lady Macbeth is very rude in telling the guest to go, as she fears that Macbeth might say something he shouldnt.This surely wears her down and worries her of what the guests may think.Lady Macbeth tries to pull Macbeth together, but it has no effect. She is undergoing along with her husband a state of intense mental, physical and emotional exhaustion. This is the last time the Macbet hs are seen together as one working unit. Lady Macbeth says little at this point and cannot seem to match her husbands vigour. Macbeth says,I amoerMeaning he admits that he is too far-gone, it is simpler to carry on his bloody ways than to turn back now. Lady Macbeth urges him to stop, telling him he lacks sleep and needs to go to bed. Macbeths range of evil has outstretched Lady Macbeths, she is beyond it all.This is the last time that Lady Macbeth is seen as sane. In fact, Lady Macbeth is not present in any of Act-4, not appearing until into Act-5. Scene I is where the most obvious change of Lady Macbeth unfolds. The long absence of Lady Macbeth until Act-5 reinforces her appearance as the mad, delusional woman in scene ii. Her mental stability reaches its net point and this once monster, becomes nothing but a nervous wreck. The human traits of guilt, conscience and common human feeling all catch up with Lady Macbeth.She could not run from them forever, and now they have reduced her to a pitiful state. Lady Macbeth walks around her bedroom, shuffling nervously, crying out when she cannot remove a analogical spot of blood or guilt. Lady Macbeth recounts her guilty deeds but as a sign of her mental disarray, she cannot tell them in any chronological order. I would imagine an actor playing the part of Lady Macbeth telling each incident that she calls to mind, as if it cuts her mentally breaking up her mind.The agony that Lady Macbeth passes through will eventually lead to the last part of her deterioration. Her agony will drive her to despair and ultimately, she is mentioned to have committed suicide.In act 5 scene 5, we learn that Lady Macbeth is dead.This is a bad end for Lady Macbeth though, a woman of powerful ambition and driving force, and a person in an influential position she dies pathetically. This end runs parallel to the events of the play and reflects on the outcome of the theme of evil throughout. Lady Macbeth thought she was as evil as she c ould wish to be, as unconnected from other womanly and human qualities as she might choose. She believed ambition and will power were everything yet it was all these things that ultimately lead to her end.Lady Macbeth thought that her ambition and worldly success would justify any move she made. Lady Macbeth would not accept that evil is self-destructive. Her impressions of overpowering evil were in the end of a day only an impression.Her conscience first shows its greater power when she is unable to kill Duncan herself. Her next step was when she had to come to terms with her and her husbands reality of evil. The raise guilt becomes heavier and heavier on her, with the killing of Banquo and the guards. She has to continue to keep up her appearances and her husbands resolve, excusing his behaviour, supporting him, all whilst keeping on top of her own mental condition until he overtakes her in evil. This has its obvious end she has no way of escape, which further tortures her ment al condition. The only way out of her self-created downward spiral was her own death.

Improving Organizational Retention Essay Example for Free

Improving Organizational Retention EssayAs an independent consultant hired to improve memory issues at JCs Casino concerning dealers and housekeeping I will look at this as two separate entities. The casino owner needs the fast fix possible and I must look at the ara first causing the most issues with the customers. Though there is a fast swage of dealers there be enough employees to cover this ara for the term being. The first issue is the housekeeping staff because it is causing customers to have to wait on their room until six in the evening. This can cause loss of revenue by customers moving to other casino hotels where they can check in at a reasonable time and this in turn could cause loss of revenue at the gambling tables. The first person I will meet with is the HR film director, Tom Sneed, to see how the troupe process of hiring is done and if there is a military control analysis directive with requirements and training procedures in place. Tom Sneed said appl icants atomic number 18 sent through the local unemployment big businessman, and apply through saucilyspaper ads.The job application is a standard application with previous jobs, history, and education. The applications ar passed to Andrew Keen for applause or disapproval. There is a job analysis in place for requirements from bending and lifting, to chemicals used in the cleaning process, and training videos. Each floor has carts piddle dressed up to cover all the required products for each room this is checked by the director of housekeeping each day and refilled as needed. All products are on carts, including boxes of gloves for protection for the housekeepers.As the director of housekeeping, Andrew Keen is responsible for staffing, plan the employees, keeping the housekeeping budget in check, keeping up with new policies, and initiating the new policies (Education Portal, 2012). As there has been a tremendous staffing issue with absenteeism and high turnovers, we need t o see where the shortcomings are in this department. Keen does non think there are any issues within the company for the smear, but that it is just hard to find good help. The hotel consists of 15 floors with 20 rooms on each floor bar the top floor, which has eight suites.Each floor has two housekeepers per floor with each employee required to clean up to 10 rooms a day on his or her shifts if the hotel is full. The top floor employees are required to clean up to four suites a day on their shift. I introduce myself to the employees who are running(a) and ask for a disputation of those who are not in for the day. I call all the employees off for the day to follow in and request the employees who are at work to stay after for a meeting when they are done with their shift. I am setting up food trays and drinks from the kitchen plus gainful them for the time at the meeting.I start out the meeting by explaining who I am, letting them know that any comments made to me about their dissatisf roundion in the job is confidential. They will fill out a questionnaire on why they think there is such a huge turnover of employees in housekeeping, what they see as a way to fix it, and any dissatisfaction with the job. I let them know that the questionnaires are for my eyes only and I will assemble a list of issues myself, which I will take to the director of housekeeping and possibly on up the ladder to the owner.Occupational Stressors and Job Satisfaction The immediate items I encounter from the questionnaires are extreme dissatisfaction with their supervisor Keehn. The list allow ins eachthing from watering down the cleaning supplies so much it does not clean or sanitize properly, to shortages on sheets and towels to programing issues. The employees believe that Keehn is trying to keep under budget to make him-self look good. Scheduling issues are not enough hours and refusing to work with anyone on scheduling needs.The 22 employees who were at the meeting said t hey get into trouble by Keehn if he sees them talking to each other or trying to help someone else get his or her rooms done. Job control stressors can be lack of control over your work, lack of recognition for work done, harassment, lack of respect from supervisors, and isolation from fellow employees to name a few (CWA, 2009). Each of these factors is all stressors with the housekeeping staff. Over all there is very little job satisfaction with the company because of all the negative issues.Those who are here would leave if they found another job with better scheduling and a better supervisor. Several of the employees suggested Rhonda Jordan should be the director of housekeeping. She has been here longer than anyone, knows the ins and outs of the company, always has a kind word, and has good communication skills. Many of the employees go to her for help instead of Keehn. I go back to HR with Tom Sneed and discuss with him the issue of the dealers quitting and look over the exit interviews on those who bothered to do one before they left. Mr.Sneed said that some of the dealers in the step-sons Joes pit have walked out during their breaks because of his attitude. He has a tendency to belittle the dealers and make the customers angrier instead of defusing a bad situation. His paperwork is haphazard and the accounting office is always calling him in to explain his paperwork to them. Two Work Motivation Theories The issues with the housekeepers and the dealers both stem from issues with their immediate supervisors. Using the goal-setting theory and reinforcement theory I am in hopes that the casino president will put into effect immediately the outline I have to present to him.The foremost and most of the essence(predicate) fix needs to be the housekeeping staff so that customers can check in at the normal industry standard time of iii in the afternoon instead of six. After talking to Keehn and his denials of the accusations by his underlings and not taking a ny responsibility for any part of the housekeeping staff leaving, I will suggest that Andrew Keehn be fired and the position offered to Rhonda Jordan, who is an intelligent, warm, and job-oriented person. The employees all look up to her and respect her.Rhonda and I discussed in detail ways to keep the employees they do have and ways to hire and keep new employees. Goal setting will be to replace Keehn with Ms. Jordan, to make sure all cleaning products are up to standard market mixes, to have each cart filled for what each person needs and ready each morning, and to even out scheduling with fairness to each employee. New procedures need to be set in place, employee teamwork will be applauded, and all employees will help each other every day until all can go home at the same time, basically no employee left behind.To further enhance the housekeeping staff to come to work on their scheduled times we will offer a reinforcement of a free meal for a family of four in the hotel restaura nt for every 30 days of scheduling each person does not call in and arrives at work on time. Until enough staff is hired all staff employees on the payroll will get an incentive of paid hours off for each room past 10 they clean during a workday. We want the employees here to feel as if they are important to the company by reinforcing the hard work they do. After talking to Joe, the pit boss, he knows that he is not cut out for the job he is in.He has admitted the stress of all the paperwork and the constant spotlight put on him by the customers and dealers is just not for him. He has agreed to go to his stepfather and tell him that he is not satisfied with the position and wants to move to head of security because the head of security is retiring in 30 days. For the employees under Joe who have stayed through his supervising an incentive check of 100 hundred dollars for each month they have been here will be given to them as a thank you and reinforcement to them as employees that t hey are valued.A new supervisor will be found and put into the position with the abilities to get the job done with good and appropriate communication skills. As a further reinforcement to let employees know they are valued, an employee suggestion box will be hung by the time clock. Counterproductive Employee Behavior The employee behavior is walking out on-the-job, calling in to work, and general turnover of employees which cost time and money to retrain new employees. The outline above will help with employee behavior by putting new supervisors in the positions needed that can act professional, fairly, and treat the employees with respect.Giving the employees incentives will also help with keeping the employees here until all positions and staff are put into place. Conclusion Common job facets include pay, supervision, job conditions, and communication to name a few (Spector, 2012). With this as a prelim, JCs Casino hopes to fix the issues that are making the employees leave the j ob by getting better supervisors who are open to ideas from the employees, who show respect to the employees and are not short on praise when employees do a good job. fetching away some of the stressors of the job should help with job retention.

Issue of Urban Sprawl in Regina

Issue of urban Sprawl in ReginaRyan Boychukurban Issue of Urban Sprawl in ReginaIntroductionUrban Sprawl continues to be the trend of urban center growth in Canada. In the city of Regina, urban sprawl is a problem that needs to be intercommunicate among the city planners. Negative effects of urban sprawl include, but atomic number 18 not limited to, increase in public expenditure, auto reliance, health, environment and affable living. The purpose of this paper is to offer an empirical investigation of the factors proposed as generators of urban sprawl.The Auto Eccentric CityMany believe as Salingaros (2006, p. 114) that, Sprawl exists exactly because it is an outgrowth of car activities. Thus, the focus here is on how auto reliance contributes to sprawl in Canada. Regina, like many a(prenominal) other Canadian cities, is a really auto eccentric city. Sprawling communities atomic number 18 a major contributor to climate change and air pollution, in part because they require s o oft automotive transportation, which is heavily dependent on energy consumption from fossil fuels, the biggest source of greenhouse gases. Since 2005 Canadian vehicles go for contributed to approximately 170Mt in C02 emissions. This number is collectable to the sheer amount of great deal in Canada that rely on vehicles to go virtually all(prenominal)where. According to data from the General Social Survey (GSS) on snip use, the proportion of people aged 18 and over who went everywhere by car as either a pokingr or a rider rose from 68% in 1992, to 70% in 1998 and then 74% in 2005. This rising trend in auto culture inadvertently causes a push for more channels, more suburbs, successfully created more urban sprawl. As Regina continues to grow outwards and push for suburban maturement city plans are lend to this ever growing traffic problem,. Not only is this detrimental to the environment but the lifestyle itself is unsustainable. The excessive use of fossil fuels in this a uto dependent culture will eventually cause many irreversible problems in the future.The Increase of Public ExpenditureThe debate over the base tax marriage offer has revealed that Regina is a deeply divided city. The building industry, real estate interests, business organizations and people living in more expensive homes pushed the city council to impose a $400 base tax on residential property. The base tax would have shifted some of the burden of property taxation from those in the new suburban areas to homeowners who live in the older areas of Regina and have lower valued property. Low density development in outlying areas requires much higher expenditures on bag and services, and this leads to reduced spending in the older city areas. Regina is following the pattern.Inner City DeclineChristopher Leo of the University of Winnipeg has studied the problem of privileged city tumble and how the city is affected by this process.When a metropolitan area is divided into neighborho ods where poverty predominates and others were comfortable circumstances are the rule, it is inevitable that there will be a concentration of social problems in the poor areas. And where social problems predominate, lawlessness follows. Increasing crime and growing poverty lead to the decay of some downtown neighbourhoods.The neighbourhood profiles for Regina prepared by city staff using 1996 census figures highlight the effects of local urban sprawl development. For the city as a whole, household income averaged $45,000 for the central zone, it was only $29,000 and lower still in the Core and mating Central areas. For the city as a whole, only 35% of homes were rented compared to 59% in the Central Zone and 71% in the Core area. Single parent families and Aboriginal people are much more likely to be found in the Central zone neighborhoods. To present date, little has been accomplished in combating this issue at hand. Gang violence has been a problem that the residents of North C entral Regina have been constantly at arms with. According to a 2005 study do by the Criminal Intelligence Service Saskatchewan, there are approximately 500 gang members and associates operating out of Regina, Saskatoon and Prince Albert. Not only is the economic viability and safety of the familiarity threatened, but in like manner the residents are left wing feeling alienated. People living in these areas feel afraid to leave their houses, go to the park or even participate in community musical accompaniment activities. The NCCA is currently trying to get its funding to bring back the RAGS program and hopefully reduce gang violence in Regina.Rise of The street corner StoreJames Howard Kunstler argues in The Geography of Nowhere that the box store is a form of corporate colonialism, going into distant places and strip-mining them culturally and economically. economist Tom Muellers studies found that 84% of Wal-Marts sales came from other businesses. For every two jobs create d in a warehouse store, three are lost. They dont buy from local manufacturers or producers but larger national firms. Dairyland Foods, our prairie farmer-owned co-operative, recently sold out to Saputo Inc., a large private firm. Dairy farmers were told that if they did not get bigger and faster they would escape access to the national grocery retailers. The most widely-cited study of the box store phenomenon was done by Ken Stone. Ken was an economics professor at Iowa farming University and he monitored the impact of Wal-Mart on Iowa between 1983 and 1993. The state lost 555 grocery stores, 298 hardware stores, 293 building suppliers, 269 clothing stores, 161 variety stores, 153 shoe stores, and 116 drug stores. A derive of 7,326 businesses went under.10 Its hard to see the positivity in light of this box store epidemic. This was a shocking number for me but taking a drive down victoria you lowlife see this as an evident problem in regina. These stores do not only pose a thre at economically but also culturally. Cities characters have been stripped as there unique local business have been outmatched. This in turn has created a very frighten off homogenized atmosphere within Regina and cities in other areas of the world.The Effects on HealthSprawl affects us in surprising ways. It cuts into our precious free age and contributes to expanding our waistlines. A commuter who drives just one hour each day spends the equivalent of nine working weeks a year in a car. Researchers have found that people living in sprawling suburbs spend less time walking and weigh up to six pounds more than those living in pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods. According to Ontario College of Family Physicians, there are five main health effects due to urban sprawl. These effects of urban sprawl are as follows, commutation and driver stress, loss of natural environment, loss of social capital, loss of community and negative effects towards childhood development.In these spread-out c ommunities, homes are separated from schools, workplaces, stores and services, forcing people to drive virtually everywhere. More time driving means less time with family and friends, less time for oneself, and less time to engage in community activities. 1 Research shows that urban sprawl commuters spend 3 to 4 times more hours driving than individuals living in well-planned, dense communities. 2Those wasted hours that we spend driving in cities such as Regina contribute to more back pain, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, asthma, headaches and stress. There is also research stating that traffic congestion also has adverse effects on ones blood pressure, mood frustration tolerance, illness frequency, work absences, job stability, and overall life satisfaction. Taking all this into account you can see that these additional stresses on our lives can contribute to depression, home abuse and many other damaging social problems prevalent in our society.Thousands of pedestrians and dri vers die every year in North America. The anguish and emotional scarring caused by the death of a loved one, permanent disabilities and related pain and suffering greatly impacts at every level of our social structure. 14% of traffic accident survivors have Post Traumatic Stress Disorder 10 and 25% have psychiatric problems one year after an accident. 2Road rage is one example of mental health stress related to driving that has received respectable attention in recent years. Road rage is characterized by violent disputes between drivers that sometime causes serious injuries or even death often road rage involves people who are not usually violent. The two primary causes for aggressive driving are being rushed or behind schedule, and increase congestion and traffic. Road rage also contributes to higher percentage of accidents as drivers tend to make poor decisions in a heightened mood. Walking or biking are not only healthier alternatives in terms of physique and stress relief but a re also generally safer in biker friendly areas. Unfortunately, there is usually little emphasis on walking and biking services in car culture.Environmental DeclineThe environment that we live in affects our health in both negative and positive ways. Animals, plants, landscapes and wilderness all have a tremendous impact on human well-being, as humans are innately attracted to other living organisms. Positive effects of the natural environment have been documented and include improved social and cognitive functioning, and decreased violence.A study done in Chicago found that people who live in buildings surrounded by greenspace have a stronger sense of community, better relationships with neighbours and less heated interior(prenominal) conflicts.1Impact on Social aspectsResearch today is beginning to gather undeniable evidence that cons of Urban communities definitely outweigh the benefits. Over the past half-century, many writers have addressed the isolating effect of low-density suburban development. The use of vehicles does not encourage the same level of social interaction that could exist if residents met each other on the street (Katz and Bradley 1999). Suburban residents are also less likely to take on additional community responsibilities due to increased change times (Putnam 2000). Some writers have gone as far as suggesting that the most common interaction between neighbours in suburbia is through the eye blink turn signals on their cars (Holtz Kay 1997). Simply put, low-density suburban developments do not foster the same level of social interaction as dense, walkable, neighbourhoods.2Reginas policies to mitigate InfrastructureGreen Field DevelopmentUrban sprawl and greenfield development share only one common trait they both occur on the outskirts of urban areas. Unlike urban sprawl, where there is little or no suburban planning, greenfield development is about efficient urban planning that aims to give up practical, inexpensive and sustainab le living spaces for growing urban populations. The planning takes future growth and development into account as well as seeks to avoid the various root word issues that plague existing urban areas. Regina is currently in a process to formulate the Citys Official Community Plan (OCP), which will puzzle out the way future growth will unfold. The public consultation process, Design Regina, that accompanies the new plan is such a great idea. We all need to be involved in the conversation about the future of our city. Citizens, Community Developers, Builders and Public Officials all need to be engaged in this process. In 2013 The province of Saskatchewan sanction the new Official community plan, entitled design Regina and replaced the Regina Development Plan on December 2013. In this Plan they recognized the need for complete communities,thats is, communities that provide all necessary recreational, social and consumer need within close proximity to residential areas.6While the diver sity of housing that has entered the market in the past fewer years has helped to improve housing choice based on location and housing preference, there is still a greater need for residential development in proximity to services and amenities to create complete communities. Similarly, the development of below market and affordable units in greenfield areas creates challenges due to a lack of nearby services resulting in increased transportation costs to meet a households everyday needs. 3Design ReginaIn the official city document for the cities future there seems to be many goals aiming towards greener, more pedestrian friendly cities. According to the document, we have have had improvement overall for affordable housing in Regina. They are also making strides to address the increasing homeless population.The Cold Weather Strategy is a partnership program with the Ministry of Social go and service providers to Reginas homeless population, including shelters, emergency service ag encies, the City, and health services. The purpose is to ensure services work together so no one is without a safe place to sleep on cold nights in Regina. 3There are also plans to increase housing diversity within the city to grant people more affordable housing that is still within city limits. With this plan we may see more development near inner city areas effectively breathing new life into otherwise stagnant areas.Works Cited1 Kuo, F., and Sullivan, W., (2001). Environment and Crime in the Inner City Does plant life Reduce Crime? Environ. Behav. 33, pp 343 367.2 SPRAWL, U. Social Mental Health Ontario College of Family Physicians. 2013. http//ocfp.on.ca/docs/committee-documents/urban-sprawlvolume-4social-and-mental-health.pdf?sfvrsn=53 Design Regina. 2011. 9 Apr. 2015 http//www.designregina.ca/4 Canadas Emissions Trends 2013. 2015. 9 Apr. 2015 https//www.ec.gc.ca/ges-ghg/985F05FB-4744-4269-8C1A-D443F8A86814/1001-Canadas%20Emissions%20Trends%202013_e.pdf5 GUIDE, ACS. Unders tanding Sprawl David Suzuki Foundation. 2010. http//www.davidsuzuki.org/publications/downloads/2003/Understanding_Sprawl.pdf6 Dont Confuse Greenfield Development with Urban Sprawl 2013. 9 Apr. 2015 http//reginahomebuilders.com/news/view/207 Discourage Urban Sprawl David Suzuki Foundation. 2010. 9 Apr. 2015 http//www.davidsuzuki.org/what-you-can-do/reduce-your-carbon-footprint/discourage-urban-sprawl/8 Causes and Effects of Urban Sprawl Conserve Energy Future. 2013. 9 Apr. 2015 http//www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-and-effects-of-urban-sprawl.php9 Gang Culture in Regina and Saskatchewan The Carillon. 2013. 9 Apr. 2015 http//www.carillonregina.com/gang-culture-in-regina-and-saskatchewan/10 Urban sprawl development in Regina, Canada and the 2005. 9 Apr. 2015 http//www.johnwarnock.ca/sprawldevelopment.html

Appreciation Of Ringgit Malaysia Marketing Essay

Appreciation Of Ringgit Malaysia Marketing EssayThe Appreciation of Ringgit Malaysia seminar is expect to be held amongst twentieth to 21st December 2010 addressed the delay of ringgit effect on exports in Malaysia. Specifically, it will bring together a dynamic group of economists, futurists, academicians and students from public as well as private sector and government to look into the future and explore ideas round the appreciation of up-to-dateness or exchange rate in ways that might challenge Malaysia. This executive summary provides an overview of the judgments, insights and implications for the seminar.ObjectivesThis seminar aimed at promoting the monetary value of ringgit Malaysia by providing experts and academicians from within our country concerned an opportunity to sh are intimacy and experiences and to review challenges of the ringgit appreciation in Malaysia, and to have in-depth discussions on the role and prospects of this issue. In touch officular, by exchangin g views and sharing the most updated information on exchange rate, it aimed at strengthen against most of the worlds study currencies and thereby contributing to the nations ambition to be a high-income economy. The seminar is overly designateed to provide an opportunity for the Malaysian citizens to understand the status and the challenges of the appreciation of ringgit on exports. dominance ParticipantsThis seminar would be of great interest especially to economists, financial analyst, international businessman, universities students, academicians and other communities as well.Mission and Vision StatementsMissionTo increase noesis about currencies.To anticipate currency devaluation or appreciation and impacts on business world.To understand the exchange or conversion cycles for local and foreign currencies.Visionschool the companionship on the importance of appreciation in ringgit.To encourage the society to look at the development of managing money and wealth.To progress a n understanding on how major organizations such as the IMF are influenced by monetary transactions.To provide a better understanding on exchange rate in our country.Educate the society on the impact of appreciation and devaluation of ringgit on exports and imports.Event TeamThe Appreciation of Ringgit Malaysia event organising sections include the following groupsWhat will be members role(s) in the proposed event? handlerHe as the director will be the primary decision-maker in our event plans. His responsibilities are to manage all his other group members ensure the member are carrying out their responsibilities in their respective roles, consult lecturer for advice and suggestion as well as to brinytain order in our group.SecretaryPreparing letter and log reports meetings are the responsibilities. This as well includes tallying with the leaders of promotion, decoration and designing and treasurer in the purpose of recording the details in every respective role. not forgettin g, they also help in preparing letters, typing out drafts of event proposal and report, booking for the events venue and drop down selected ideas in every meeting.TreasurerThis division will be in charge of the financial of the event, accounts, budget limitation and allocations. The primary task is creating a budget cost of the materials and applications with its pricing, original cost and etcetera They also need to plan for fund raising, in charge of sponsorship matters and do help in publicity and promotion tasks.Design Technical InfoThe main task is to design the fonts, background, slogan, and events image as well as compressing the contents of our events massage besides estimating the precise size of the flyers, booklet and etc. They also help the leader in their decision making and present finalize ideas of design to the rest of members.Publicity and PromotionPromotion tasks are divided among the members in the same division and responsible in planning the promotion strategy to publicize our event, with the team title Appreciation of Malaysian Ringgit efficiently. Plus, they also collaborate with the leader about the decoration and designing and also design and technical info members to discuss on how to widen our publicity range within and outside the campus. collection termFor the arrangement, we will prepare a stratumboard, drama or video for audience to enjoy seeing the facts and figures about the economy in Malaysia, especially from the expression of worldwide money currency. Through the storyboard, drama or video, we will inform audience about Ringgit Malaysia, the important of stabilizing our money currency and the relation between Ringgit Malaysia and countrys export. We will be persuaded audience to support our Malaysia product through and through the storyboard, drama or video too.By using the method of drawing, we will show the story about how the Ringgit Malaysia can be strengthen and what its effect on our export in our country. When the re is an appreciation in RM, product of Malaysia will increase the determine and will reduce the local raw material cost. In addition, this will help to increase our nations export and income. So, we will use some industries and other countries as an example to make the story more interesting. Beside, through the video, we will show some picture and explain what causes the RM to esteem or depreciate. Factors that causing a nations currency to appreciate or depreciate includeRelative product pricesMonetary policyInflation rate differencesIncome changesSecondly, we will exhibit the information of Ringgit Malaysia appreciation by doing the introduction to intro the Malaysians currency. The ringgit is the official currency in Malaysia which is often know as the Malaysian dollar. The Malaysian dollar or ringgit is subdivided into 100 sens, which are known as cents in foreign markets. For the example, The Ringgit Malaysia (RM) is one of Asias best performing currencies, which in 2010 h as appreciated by 6% against the US dollar, 19% against the euro and 16% against the British pound. at that place were several factors that contributed to the stellar performance of the ringgit. Amongst them are Malaysias better than expected economic recovery, the central banks monetary tightening policies, the New Economic Model (NEM), and speculation on revaluation of Chinas Yuan, coupled with speculative funds inflow into Malaysias financial system. The currencys strength isnt likely to affect exporters, as Europes sovereign debt crisis may increase capital flows to Asia, and inter-Asia championship is expected to keep Malaysias exports at healthy growth levels. Malaysias exports to Europe make up some 10% of its total exports.Thirdly, we will exhibit the information about our seminar and the comparison advantages and disadvantages.The Pros and Cons of Stronger RinggitProsEncourages the import of capital goods, which contribute to the innovation and automation of industries in the country.Improves the living standards of the people by increasing their purchasing power through cheaper imports and frown inflationary pressure.ConsA stronger ringgit could pose challenges to the exporters of this export-dependent Malaysia, such as palm oil companies.The stronger ringgit usually trims the refinery margins as crude palm oil feedstock for refined products is priced in the currency. all wild swings in the ringgit hurt refinersFor every 100 basis occlusive appreciation in the ringgit, refining margins fall by US$2-US$4 a tonne. For example, if the ringgit keeps strengthening, where previously you would collect 3.2 for every US dollar you earn, now you get only 3.1.Information is very important in seminar to develop awareness about the theme of the seminar among audience. We will prepare accurate information in disposition from Internet, survey, book, journal, and even Malaysia economic yearly report. Advantages and disadvantages will clearly state in the exhib ition and the information should be in bilingual, such as Malay and English. We will also consider on international students as audience too.Furthermore, the factors that cause Ringgit Malaysia to appreciate will be exhibit in the exhibition. We will collect the information from latest news or from others resources. All the information about the factors will be state clearly in the exhibition.Besides that, the comparison of the currency and different types of graph about the Ringgit Malaysia and exports of the products will be well prepared in the exhibition too. The information that we are prepared is due to these current years. The comparison of the currency within others country will be shown too. The countries that we will be compare such as US or China. The graph such as comparison of currency with others country, comparison of exports products, comparison of the latest years for currency will be shown too. For the exports of the products, we will be deciding to put example for palm oil or furniture. There are many types of graph will be shown during the exhibition. These aspects also consider as important information for audience to understand our main theme. Also, we will be taking the information through Internet, survey, book, journal and economic annual report. Committees in the exhibition are responsible to deliver a clear message to audience. Good interpretations will really helps the audience to understand the theme that we intend to deliver for them.Lastly, through the teamwork among the committee and the accurate and clear information in the exhibition, we will successfully organize the seminar and message will be well delivered for the audience.Potential speakers to be inviteProf. Dr. Mohd. Nazari Bin IsmailProfessor discussion section of Business Strategy PolicyFaculty of Business and AccountancyUniversiti Malaya.Associate Prof. Dr. Fatimah Binti KariAssociate ProfessorDepartment of EconomicsFaculty of Economics and AdmistrationUniversiti Mala ya.Dato Mukhriz Bin Tun Dr. MahathirMinister of International Trade and Industry Malaysia.Promotional and Publicity StrategiesInternetUsing social network as a main promotional tool to provide seminar information to promote and educate the targeted audiences regarding our topics of exhibition and seminar.FacebookBlogspotTwitterMMU PortalNewspaperReporters will be invited to the seminar and before the seminar conduct to promote the seminar in aim to target public audiences.Interview session between the speakers and reporters will be conduct after / before the seminar.The trackThe SunMMU NexusPromotion BoothBooth will be open before the week of seminar and exhibition to capture the attendance of MMU students and lecturers toward our seminar and exhibition.Members on vocation will introduce to the public regarding the seminar and exhibition.Class PublicityCLC concourseFBL LobbySelling Souvenirs (key chain, T-Shirt, and etc)FlyersChanging the computer background wallpaper to the semi nar and exhibition wallpaper to promote the exhibition and seminar. (to be confirm later)Co-operation with lecturersCooperate and encourage FBL lecturers to post an announcement regarding our exhibition and seminars. Lecturers may encourage students to attend and take as class attendance.SAPS point will be provide to those who attend the seminars.Take AttendanceSAPS PointMMLSInvite higher education institutionsInvite STPM students, or higher education institutions in Melaka to the exhibition and seminar.Stamford CollageSecondary Schools in MelakaInvite VendorsInvite Vendors to participate on the exhibition and seminar to selling their products. Part of the profit are encourage give to the event.Fund RaisingDue to Christmas is around the corner, we have planned to sell goody packs in our campus. Our goody pack includes sweet and chocolate. We can promote it through distribute flyers, so that all students will know goody pack is available for sale here. We may sell RM4-5 per one good y pack which price is reasonable and affordable for all students.We may sell the couple T-shirts. The couple T-shirts and the goody packs will be a good match for the students. They may ruin it to celebrate for the Christmas and the sweets and chocolates will be the presents for their partners.We are planning to raise fund in the restaurant or caf by providing the services there. We can be the part time waiters or waitresses. The earning we get will be the funds for the projects. We will also try to ask the owner to contribute the earning for one particular mean solar day to be our funds.We have planned to sell fruits such as guava, papaya, and watermelon inside or outside the campus. Believe that, there are many students are like to eat fruit in such a torrid weather. So we may sell Rm1.50-2.00, which is affordable for them.

Introduction To The United States Beer Industry

Introduction To The unite States Beer IndustryBeer in the united States has had a long and profitable history. Today it is the largest segment of Alcoholic beverages and accounts for millions of dollars in gross sales e very year. Although there stick pop out been periods of less demand, the popularity and wealth of the attention has grown significantly. The intentness has had to address umteen challenges and adapt to continuously changing purlieus which translated into many consolidations and the reduced number of regional brewers. Todays market is heavily controlled by three chief(prenominal)(prenominal) players, In Bev Anheuser-Busch, Miller Coors.In the late 19th century, most beer was be brewed by groups or individuals in their wishive homes, however with the industrial revolution and the advancements of new technologies in automation, commercial brewers began to enter the market and transform the way beer is made, exchange, and marketed as it never had been befor e. Some of these large national brewers were Anheuser-Busch and Miller as mentioned before. Other large domestic brewers implicate Pabst, and Schlitz. All of these companies have played a pct in shaping the yield, structure and development of the industry over time. Due in part to these large commercial entities, the United States now has the largest number of breweries in the world.Although it is necessary to grasp the industries procedure as a whole, it is even more vital that the performance and structure of the industries particular segments. At one point, two types of beers controlled the absolute majority of the market popular beer which was made and sold inexpensively, and Premium beers which were produced for a similar worth yet sold at a uplifteder cost unaccompanied for their brand recognition and popularity. Throughout history, as the brewing industry matured, the addition of different kinds of beer multiplied. Today, the types of beer which account for the majori ty of sales be classified as Light, house servant Premium, and Imports.This paper give be divided into three parts. In the first section I will take an in-depth look at the Beer Industry as a whole through the use of Porters Five Forces analysis. In the second part I will be focusing on Molson-Coors and its relationship to the industry, its segments, and opportunities for step-up and continued success. I will wrap up my paper by comparing and contrasting Molson-Coors position and strategy in the Beer industry to Harley-Davidson in the inexpert vehicle industry.Socio-EconomicWhen addressing any industry, it is important to analyze the various external macro-environmental factors which contribute to a companys operations. Through a PEST (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological) Analysis, one can better generalise the risks associated with growth and decline, as well as its industry position authorizedly and in the future.Politically, the beer industry is restricted on th e decisions and regulations of the US Government. One of the most limpid examples of the governments role came in the form of prohibition during the untimely 20th century. Today, the beer industry is still heavily monitored by the government. One of the most noteworthy controls is that the system requires a middle-man. This limits the creator of large corporations to control every aspect of the business chain, and reduces the risk of a monopoly. When it comes to the retail of alcohol, allege and municipality governments decide on the type of off-premise vendors that are allowed to wander the alcohol, and how they go about selling in order to raise funds for fighting the abuse and addiction of the ingathering.Currently the demesne of the United States economy is not helping to provide increased wealth to the industry. With the economic downturn and lower discretionary spending, consumers are spending less on alcohol, beer included. Socially, there are signs indoors the indust ry that suggest an change magnitude demand for torrent beverages besides beer. However, within the beer industry itself, Light brands are experiencing increasing popularity ascribable to the heightened importance of consuming few calories as well as the risks/consequences of drunk driving.The level of technology change in this industry is low. That said, there are a variety of technological advancements in the industry which are affecting operations. Many of these innovations are changes within the brewing of the beer itself. As efficiency in mathematical fruit was the drive view World-War 2, technological changes which alter quality, lower health risks, and increase the use of sustainable energy are beginning to gain more significance.Porters 5 ForcesThreat of New EntrantsIn the early days of this industry, an individual or family could start up their own brewery with relative ease in semblance to todays standards. The increase in productionion techniques, beginning post World-War 2 played a large part in creating a high barrier to entry as the working metropolis requirements increased from several(prenominal) billion to hundreds of millions of dollars. Even greater barriers to entry are created through large brewers control of distribution channels as well as the different state governments regulations and laws attributed to those channels. As production innovation created a barrier to entry in the mid 20th century, trade and advertising expenditures from large companies in this industry have increased brand loyalty and recognition, creating another high barrier to entry. Amongst these barriers, there experiences the possibility of new entrants achieving economies of casing, for example, the Boston Beer Company has taken a relatively remote approach to the industry as they have foc apply their attention on its recipes while outsourcing the majority of the other business activities. Although larger companies have likewise achieved economies of scale and have the ability to increase revenues without increasing input, the offset of companies much(prenominal) as the Boston Beer Company and trends pointing to consumers trading-up to higher quality products, these barriers could begin to change down the road.SuppliersSuppliers in the brewing industry play a significant role. Starting with the production of the good, suppliers from agricultural industries much(prenominal) as corn, barley, and yeast are divulge in the production and pricing of the end product. Other suppliers include the glass industry and paper labeling industry. Because of the low concentration in production suppliers, more power is given to the industries main players who are able to strike larger supply contracts for a better price. Most of the key inputs of brewing are highly regulated thus care bulk prices steady and allow firms to purchase ingredients over a year in advance. Some differentiation exists in the inputs when it comes to the higher quali ty ingredients that are used in some premium beers. The effects of substitutes in this industry are dependent on industries such as the performance of wine and spirits as well as imported brands of beer. These are significant substitutes and have been experiencing a steady growth in recent years. Although the brewing industry requires a veritable amount of inputs from suppliers, they do not control those industries as well. Suppliers from the corn/wheat producing industries as well as from the sugar processing industry are not dependent on the beer industry and exist in other markets. As mentioned, the brewing industry is highly regulated and runs in a three mark system which takes away the threat of vertical integration and the possibility of one player gaining the majority power. Looking at the current major players Anheuser-Busch and MillerCoors, opportunities to grow exist in marketing and brand awareness, with recent struggles in the economy, access to capital is more difficu lt but also comes at a lower price with lower interest rates. The industry gained $3.6 billion in 2009 which is significantly better than many industries and will favor them as they seek opportunities to finance growth opportunities. The industry requires skilled workers mostly in the areas of marketing and has usually refrained from unionizing. Overall the power of suppliers is very limited among large firms and the brewing industry is not an attractive industry at this time.BuyersWholesalers, Super markets, liquor stores, and bars/night clubs account for some of the major buyers in this industry. These buyers can be broken down into two segments, off-premise and on-premise. On-premise locations include bars and off-premise locations include warehouses and liquor stores. These industries are grateful for the position of the brewing industry however on-premise buyers are experiencing a decline in growth as disposable income decreases among consumers. Off-premise wholesalers although protected from organism protected from being taken over by large breweries have experienced a loss in power due in part to the rapid consolidation of the brewing industry as well as the increase in popularity of small breweries. However, due to factors such as being in the mature phase of its business cycle, these industries are in a good position to grow. Beer will continue to be sold and consumed buyers will contend with the changing environment and gain more power through diversifying their product offerings. This may not be the case in on-premise sites as they are more easily influenced by the impact of a down economy. Overall, the power of the buyers is low as they are at this point very dependent on the fluctuations of the brewing industry.Substitute ProductsAs mentioned previously, substitutes to the domestic brewing industry are the wine and spirits industry, as well as imported beers. In the case of this industry, the substitutes play a main role in determining current p osition and future growth. When looking at the main players in the US market, they may need to shift some of their focus to niches which microbreweries have begun to make popular as well as deal with the constant threat of imports and their exploitation popularity in the United States. As large brewing companies work to meet the needs of their enormous market, the industry is attractive to smaller breweries seeking a smaller market.RivalryThe US brewing industry has consolidated to be controlled primarily by two main players, the largest being Anheuser-Busch, and the other being MillerCoors. This represents a high concentration which boosts rivalry. In this particular competition, price is not the determining factor, rather massive marketing campaigns to increase brand value. Although there exists two main companies, they are not very balanced as Anheuser-Busch controls the majority of the market share. The diversity among adversarys is greatest amongst the craft-beer breweries wh ich focus on recipe rather than brand image. Among the major players there is little product differentiation as they sell primarily the same types of beers. Although there exists a large brand awareness in loyalty to these players, irrelevant competition such as Heineken have penetrated US markets and have experienced large sales. This industry is very dependent on the segment of selling alcoholic beverages, although segments within the types of beer can fluctuate, firms focus primarily on the selling of their product. The barriers for exiting this market are high as there are specific markets, and technologies which have been produced specifically for this industry, the best chance for converting to another product would be into the firm of a non-alcoholic malt beverage.ConclusionAfter looking in-depth into the brewing industry, a number of key success factors stick out. One of the most important that stood out to me is its ability to keep up with trends in domestic markets as wel l as increasing brand awareness through quality of beer rather than price. Another important factor for success in this industry is the ability to control debt and deal with fluctuations in the economy. Many people questioned how Budweiser could remain Americas beer by being owned by a Belgium company. Furthermore, it is necessary for these large firms to find areas of increasing beer consumption and market their product in an attractive way. Through my analysis of the brewing industry, it seems clear that although the industry has recently experienced slower growth and lower demand, companies have remained profitable and the emergence of new players (Microbreweries) prove to be a good sign for the future growth and stability of this industry.Part 2 Firm AnalysisAdolph Coors based out of Golden, Colorado has been in the brewing industry since the late 19th century. It thrived on its focused market in the Western United States as well as the early brand recognition that its premium b eer gained with celebrities and athletes. It also was able to differentiate itself from other competitors by focusing on being a self-sustainable company which act to provide as much of its own inputs as possible. In 2005 due to increased pressures to consolidate, Adolph Coors merged with Canadian brewer Molson. With this merger, Molson Coors became the fifth largest brewer. In 2008 in an political campaign to keep up with Anheuser-Buschs recent merger with InBev, Molson Coors merged another time with SAB Miller to form Miller Coors LLC. This merger, is expected to decrease production and distribution be which will enable the company to remain profitable and able to increase its market share. This however goes hand in hand with the challenge of maintaining its market for smaller brands with more specific niches.External EnvironmentIn order to analyze Coors position in the industry it is important to look at the external environment which will affect the way Coors does business. A s stated previously there are a number of different factors which are influencing the brew industry at this time. One of the major external threats to Coors and the industry as a whole is in the form of Government regulation. With a variety of different state laws effecting the sales and distributions of beer, this poses as a threat as it could consume an unnecessary amount of time in daily operations and market analysis. With more focus on broader, international markets, the increasing trend of regional microbreweries are also a threat on the domestic market as they could better handle the state laws and their performance within those standards. Technologically, Coors has the opportunity to become an industry go bader in this category. Although technologies primarily are focusing on the quality of the beer, Coors could look to expand its technologies with respect to environmental awareness. Presently, Coors is being most affected by the rivalry within its industry. Once an industr y with hundreds of breweries, the US market has consolidated down to two main players. This is forcing Coors into becoming a hybrid international/domestic company at a rapid pace. I think one of the biggest threats that could affect Coors is the difference of the current market in comparison to the original focus and market of their beers.Internal EnvironmentFor many years, Coors was a family run business this was extremely positive for its sign growth and sustained spot as one of the top players in the brewing industry. Another key strength of Coors is its ownership in its own machinery and its obsess nature on remaining a company which is homegrown. Coors has throughout its history maintained an ability to adapt to current markets and trends as well as foreseeing areas of growth an opportunity. Early on, a weakness of Coors was its inability to attract minority markets and by some cases, they still struggle at this. Another weakness that could affect Coors performance is its his tory of avoiding debt spending. I believe this to be a weakness even though it could just as easily be a strength of the firm. Coors limits itself in research development as well as other possible market risks by not unciviling itself up to debt-spending. Another weakness of Coors, in line with the previous idea of debt-spending is that its a company which is slower to find niche markets and better products in comparison to Goliath InBev/Anheuser-Busch.MarketingIn comparison to Anheuser-Busch, Coors has presently and throughout history, struggled at finding a niche market and in turn has had to give up substantial ground to its main competitor in the form of Domestic Sales as well as having strong brand recognition. Anheuser-Busch in its merger with InBev is focusing its advertisement on marketing its large brands such as Budweiser. Coors has experienced a positive trend in its sales of Blue Moon which has been a hit, especially among fans of smaller, quality beers. It has outperf ormed a similar beer by Anheuser-Busch, Bud Light Lime. Coors, although struggling in some sense to gain market share back from Anheuser-Busch has a better location in terms of its distribution and production systems which are the one of the key strengths and highlights of its company, and one of its main areas of focus.Operations/ProductionCoors has a history of innovation and capital expenditures which have proved equitable to its operations and overall production efficiency. Coors has focused product innovation in the form of technologies which inhibit freshness and quality in its product. To this extent, it seems as though the two competitors are beginning to shift focuses, as InBev tries to beef up product, brand awareness, and market share, while Coors is insistent on being the industry drawing card for the best beer in America. As Coors focuses its attention on operations domestically, they are able to create a cost advantage in the midst of themselves and other main compet itors, they will have better control over what they produce and how they go about producing it which in the long run may open up many areas of growth.FinanceIn the merger of MillerCoors, the company experienced a rapid decline in growth and sales. The positive side of this down-sizing is that they will have better control of their finances and although they still control thousands of employees, the ability to focus on cost cuts will in turn maximize shareowner wealth. In focusing on the quality and production of its beers, Coors has begun to outsource many of its financing and accounting to third party sources. In the upcoming years due to its merger, Coors will be refinancing its debt and looking to use cash from its operations as a way of approaching other strategic investments. It also hopes that refinancing its debt will lead to pension plans for its employees as well as better return to it its owners.Critical Success FactorsIt is imperative for Coors to become the leader in pr emium beers produced in the United States. With Anheuser-Busch selling out to Belgium, a great opportunity for Coors to utilize its domestic brewing facilities and resources exists and should be approached. Another factor that is necessary for Coors is to become an industry leader in innovation and social/environmental responsibility. They need to diversify their products to attract a wide variety of people and work hard not to segregate their marketing to specific niches which leave minorities out of the picture. Strategic ProblemManagement has failed to ensure the long-term survival of Coors because it expanded too quickly and had too intriguing of hopes in competing on a global scale with Anheuser-Busch. With that in mind, Coors with its merger with Miller has the opportunity to regain the domestic strength that it once prided itself on.My recommendation for Coors would be to continue its pursuit of quality within the domestic United States market. It can work to regain capital to spend on future strategic investments such as popular microbreweries with a high-quality, popular taste. The United States although a major player in the production of beers, still lacks the reputation for having a quality product which is globally recognized. Some could argue that Budweiser is this, however others would say that Budweiser lived in the realm of being an inexpensive beer too long before committing itself to the more trendy Lager. executingCoors can implement this strategy easily if it can regain its focus on its core mission from its history, the emphasis of self-sustainability as well as product quality. By outsourcing parts of its business to other parties, Coors has removed responsibilities which could have weighed the company down in making strategic and financial decisions.Part 3 Firm-Firm bandage working on the analysis for this case-study, thoughts of Harley-Davidson continuously entered my mind. Harley-Davidson is a company that thrives itself on its proud history as well as its quality and brand recognition, very much of what Coors itself does. One area in which Coors could mimic HD in terms of its business model is its focus on being the best US American brand available. HD faces similar competition and rivalry as Coors does only HDs exists in the form of mostly Japanese and Korean companies while Coors deals with primarily European competition. Coors and HD also face similar problems in terms of attracting niche markets. For HD, they have primarily been seen as a white, male, tough-guy brand, while losing out on markets which include women and younger riders. In a similar way Coors needs to be able to attract consumers who prefer a high quality local brew in the United States rather than a watered down beverage from an aluminum can.In closing, Adolph Coors has existed through an array of market changes, downturns, and booms. In a mature industry, they represent the abbreviation of maturity and market knowledge. If Coors can maint ain its mission of becoming US Americas best beer maker, it will have many profitable years to come in the future.

The Power and Genius of Alexander Pushkin’s The Queen of Spades Essay

The Power and Genius of horse parsley Pushkins The Queen of SpadesIn Alexander Pushkins The Queen of Spades, many aspects of the short composition have made for considerable fight among scholars. Pushkin fills an integral role in Russian literary history, and there are abundant research sources to use in analyzing and interpreting his texts. Pushkin is often referred to as the Father of Modern Russian Literature, but until just recently much of the criticism on Pushkin focused on Pushkin himself as the author, the innovative simplicity in his prose, or the political relationship between Pushkin and the Russian aristocracy. Pushkins personal life was often the subject of public debate among his readers and the Russian aristocracy, forcing him into a some what reclusive state. His prose was innovative, but, in the early research, very few bothered to interpret why the style was so effective. What about the haggle made Pushkin different? It did not seem to matter as long as the arist ocracy was satisfied. Finally, much of the early information available on Pushkin had vigor to do with his writing. During Pushkins time, the domination of the Russian nobility over publications was so great, the ultimate beauty and depth to Pushkins writing was over looked in couch to expose censorship and political manipulation. These early attempts at criticism and investigation fall short of exposing the true power and genius in Pushkins writing. another(prenominal) problem with much of the available literature on Pushkin and his texts is inconsistency in interpretations. Scholars do not research sufficiently and are often vague in communicating their ideas to the reader. The purpose of the given work is often confusing enough to the aud... ...nleaf. Studies in Romanticism v 36 n 2 (Summer 1997) 292-299. Pushkin, Alexander. The Queen of Spades. Alexander Pushkin Complete Prose Fiction. Trans. Paul Debreczeny. Stanford Stanford University Press, 1983. 211- 233. Rosenshield, Gary. Choosing the Right Card Madness, Gambling, and the Imagination in Pushkins The Queen of Spades. PMLA v 109 n 5 (October 1994) 995-1008. Rosenshield, Gary. Freud, Lacan, and Romantic Psychoanalysis Three psychoanalytic Approaches to Madness in Pushkins The Queen of Spades. Slavic and East European Journal v 40 n 1 (Spring 1996) 1-26. Shrayer, Maxim. Rev. of Pushkins The Queen of Spades, by Neil Cornwell. The Modern Language Review v 90 n 4 (October 1995) 1051-1053. Terras, Victor. Rev. of Pushkins The Queen of Spades, by Neil Cornwell. The Russian Review v 54 n 3 (July 1995) 453-454.